4.5 Globalist versus Localist Representations 89
LIDA CogPrime
Declarative memory Atomspace
attentional codelets Schema that adjust importance of Atoms explicitly coalitions maps
global workspace attentional focus
behavior codelets schema
procedural memory (scheme net)|procedures in ProcedureRepository; and network of SchemaNodes in the Atomspace
action selection (behavior net) propagation of STICurrency from goals to actions, and action selection process
ransient episodic memory perceptual atoms entering AT with high STI, which
rapidly decreases in most cases
ocal workspaces bubbles of interlinked Atoms with moderate impor-
ance, focused on by a subset of MindAgents (defined in Chapter 19 of Part 2) for a period of time
perceptual associative memory |HebbianLinks in the AT
sensory memory spaceserver /timeserver, plus auxiliary stores for other senses
sensorimotor memory Atoms storing record of actions taken, linked in with
Atoms indexed in sensory memory
Table 4.1: CogPrime Analogues of Key LIDA Features
Each demand is assumed to come with a certain “target level” or “target range” (and these may fluctuate over time, or may change as a system matures and develops). An Urge is said to develop when a demand deviates from its target range: the urge then seeks to return the demand to its target range. For instance, in an animal-like agent the demand related to food is more clearly described as “fullness,” and there is a target range indicating that the agent is neither too hungry nor too full of food. If the agent’s fullness deviates from this range, an Urge to return the demand to its target range arises. Similarly, if an agent’s novelty deviates from its target range, this means the agent’s life has gotten either too boring or too disconcertingly weird, and the agent gets an Urge for either more interesting activities (in the case of below-range novelty) or more familiar ones (in the case of above-range novelty).
There is also a primitive notion of Pleasure (and its opposite, displeasure), which is consid- ered as different from the complex emotion of “happiness.” Pleasure is understood as associated with Urges: pleasure occurs when an Urge is (at least partially) satisfied, whereas displeasure occurs when an urge gets increasingly severe. The degree to which an Urge is satisfied is not necessarily defined instantaneously; it may be defined, for instance, as a time-decaying weighted average of the proximity of the demand to its target range over the recent past.
So, for instance if an agent is bored and gets a lot of novel stimulation, then it experiences some pleasure. If it’s bored and then the monotony of its stimulation gets even more extreme, then it experiences some displeasure.
Note that, according to this relatively simplistic approach, any decrease in the amount of dissatisfaction causes some pleasure; whereas if everything always continues within its accept- able range, there isn’t any pleasure. This may seem a little counterintuitive, but it’s important to understand that these simple definitions of “pleasure” and “displeasure” are not intended to fully capture the natural language concepts associated with those words. The natural language terms are used here simply as heuristics to convey the general character of the processes in-
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